Economy
Supply & demand
Shift example supply and demand, then park a price above or below the crossing. Surplus and shortage are just “not at the meeting point.”
Crossing vs posted price
Example market price 27.8 at quantity 44.4.
Market clears (example)
Posted price is at the crossing.
Takeaway: The crossing is the cartoon market price; a forced price off that spot leaves leftover goods or leftover shoppers.
This is educational, not advice. Example rates and taxes are illustrations. Real accounts, markets, and tax rules can look different — sometimes a lot. No number on this page is a recommendation.